Marketing mix-up: Why everyone is all the sudden talking about social media?

Social Media: a Marketing Mix must?

 

Social Media seems to have become one of the inevitable elements of marketing mix. Have you noticed that in quite a lot of companies today there is a great demand for online marketing, primarily through social media marketing and SEO? What was wrong with our marketing strategy until now? Can we survive without social media?

Swept away by social media

 

Observing the communication reality online one can easily find out that there is a lot of pressure about implementing comprehensive social media marketing, SEO (sometimes interesting enough, called SEO optimization, which honestly does not make any sense!), online advertising, traffic control, etc. There are also numerous articles like this one found in Forbes stating that social media marketing is going to become the absolute must in 2014 and there ia a list of media seeing growth and decline.

As a business manager one gets completely swept off their feet by social media marketing promisses forgetting the uniqueness of their business and old and tried out maxima as “If it ain’t broke, don’t fix it”. Managers are convinced that optimizing their online policy is what is going to save their business. But is that true?

Is social media appropriate?

 

First and foremost, it is essential to understand that not every business is carved to be social. A simple example can be James Nicholls’ scientific research publication, “Everyday, Everywhere: Alcohol Marketing and Social Media—Current Trends” (Alcohol and Alcoholism Vol. 47, No. 4, pp. 486–493, 2012). The article discusses social media tactics used by alcohol brands in the UK and their consequences including creation of lasting habits. One can easily predict that many more articles like that discussing fast food companies, candy producers, soda producers, tobacco companies, possibly even companies staying behind environmentally bad products.

 

The danger of being social

Social media is social not only because it gathers consumers and gives companies the possibility to communicate directly and more effectively with target groups. It provides consumers with the power to communicate and discuss with each other and spread news. If there is just one opinion leader out there who finds out something discrediting about your company or the way you do business it is going to spread like wild fire. Because scandal sells even more that sex. Social media means transparency and exposure at levels which you have never experienced before. Many businesses are just not ready for that.

On top of that social media means that you need to provide valuable regular updates. You might want to be funny, or clever, or innovative, or whatever you want. But you need to be able to keep it up. Nobody will follow dull updates and they will not be of any value to you. When did we all get so productive and innovative and funny that we can keep it up daily for the foreseeable future? When did we deceive ourselves into believing that we are the only ones trying to follow such a strategy? Too much funny, too much innovation, too much cleverness is at the end simply too much.

Stuffing social media with corporate messages is going at the end to have the same effect as commercials on TV. Companies need to understand that they are not wanted on social media. Users of social media are people who want to come in contact with their friends, family or like-minded. This is also the reason why apps like Facebook AdBlock are appearing all the time.

Not only that every company’s arrival on Social media is going to avert consumers who in most cases see advertising on social media as too intrusive and violating their privacy, it is going to become significantly less effective in the future. Keeping in mind Facebook’s targeting methods it basically means that both you and all your competitors will have a shot at your target group. How is that better than advertising on TV?

Having a page on social media is more acceptable but as noted above it is not for all as many businesses will be accused in manipulating consumers or creating unhealthy habits or committing another sin. Using your page as an open communication channel is all alright but it is not going to be your miracle cure. Consumers are always more likely to socialize with a brand they are familiar with. For that reason new or not popular brands need to employ heavy marketing before a social strategy can be possible. Beware also of overexposing yourself. More presence will possibly make you visible in the eyes of consumers. Depending on your strategy, that can bring around more damage than good.

Looking back at the very core of social media we encounter another one of its downsides. The almost unlimited freedom of information dissemination makes it impossible for companies to control their image without manipulating posts and comments. However, even doing that will not save them from angry consumers. Regular users are gods in the social media space. The examples of stars’ death hoax are becoming ever more. If someone writes for example that their sister was poisoned by your product and everybody needs to share it to support the grief, they will. No matter if the story was true, the shadow of doubt will fall on your product and you will face losses. Are you ready to face the hoax?

Even if you have all your polices straight and you are 100 % sure that nothing can hit you unprepared you still need to be careful when voting for social media marketing. Analyzing consumer data is still pretty much in the shadows and social media users are not aware of how and how much information is gathered and used for marketing purposes. This is dangerous and might damage your image if information on shadowy data collection is connected to your company’s name. Nowadays there are pieces of data “uncovered” everyday and consumers are getting angry. Even though you were probably just a user of a service the CSR standards demand that you research and keep your supply chain clean. Thus, you are guilty.

Much more can be said about why not to go social. But this as all decisions concerning corporate communication should be made based on your strategy. If you are certain that engaging in social media marketing will be good for you, do it. It does work for many. What you really need to do prior such a decision though, is to make sure that you have double covered all scenarios and have your crisis communication policy close to you at all times. Just in case.

Last but not least, remember to not forget to employ traditional marketing and its basic principles. They still work.

 

DIDI

Communication strategy failure: Information overload

How do we know what is true and what is not? How do we define trustworthiness? How do we get rid of the communication overload? How should a responsible company/public figure communicate? 

The overload

 

There are many who argue that the freedom of expression which Internet and other media provide giving basically everyone the opportunity to speak up has led to a society where nothing can stay hidden forever and thus honesty and transparency should be everybody’s policy in order to avoid image crashes.  However, it might turn out that accepting a reality where information is freely accessible makes us naive and lazy. As we are “drowned” in democracy rhetoric we do not necessarily reflect over the possibility that somebody might be manipulating information to serve someone’s interests. We read news, posts, blogs, forum threads, etc. and sometimes we cannot even tell the difference between them which most of the time is not as clear as one might think. Thus, we take a comment in a forum as seriously as a news post. Furthermore, we do not have the time or the energy to check all referrals and sources of an article for example. Last but not least, we face the so called Clickworker workforce which basically are people hired to write reviews and other consumer content. How do we then separate trustworthy from what is not? On top of that we need to process much more information daily than we actually are capable of: around 5 000 to 30 000 advertising messages alone.

The result is a tired mind nonstop bombarded with information which is a perfect target for manipulation.

Get rid of it

To help ourselves get rid of the overload and thus concentrate on what is really important we need to shut off all distracters. A distracter is a source or a type of information which either is not trustworthy or is not important. It is furthermore what affects our concentration, uses up our processing resources and prevents us from focusing on what is really important. To be more effective and function better both at work and in our private lives we need to learn to prioritize. We need to accept the fact that our brains have limits and we need to use them for what makes most sense.

What to trust?

When we talk about information overload vs. trustworthiness the prioritizing we need to do includes some drastic measures. However, according to your own needs, you might adjust them.

Rule nr. 1 would be to turn all electronics off. Sit down and think what is important to you. Is it really important personally to you that the Greek economic is going down? Do you have some personal investment in the war in Iraq? Do you really care to look through the pictures of a friend of a friend on Facebook or you simply do it automatically? Do you care that that and that public figure in some country had an affair?

Rule nr. 2: Turn off for everything that you are not interested in. If you watch the news because you are bored, that is not a good reason to put your brain through yet another informational attack. If you are interested in sport, watch sports. If you are into politics, follow politics. Especially nowadays it is more than easy to find the perfect source for your needs as there are countless sources and media variations.

Rule nr. 3 comes in connection to trustworthiness. After you have managed to filter the incoming information you should have the time and the energy to separate reliable from unreliable sources. You do that by checking credentials, sources, image, and disclaimers. Normally you will only need to do that once as serious companies value their image and will not allow it to be destroyed by publishing false information. However, a cross-referencing with other publications or following 2-3, maybe more if you have the time, sources provides always a better guarantee that you are being properly informed.

Rule nr. 4 is mostly for those who like reading forums, blogs, reviews. Do not forget that the people writing there are most of the time simply users who come up with some commentary based either on something they somehow have learned or on their own thoughts/experience. Sometimes they also might be people hired to write what they wrote. Trusting them fully is never a good idea without doing some research on your own.

For companies

Even though most consumers do not follow the described steps and often are easy to manipulate by putting images and ideas in their heads it is not recommended taking advantage. Merely from an image point of view you are going to risk destroying your image if your manipulation tactics are ever revealed. Unfortunately for you there are opinion leaders and a bit crazy conspiracy theorists that are always on a lookout for something like that.

There have been many companies through time who have got away with manipulation and even more politicians and public figures who have mastered the art of getting what they want. This does not mean that you will succeed. It is about time companies realize that success may but should not rest on deceiving consumers. Business is always more productive and successful in the long term when you cooperate with your stakeholders and are honest with them.

Instead of taking advantage of the informational clutter, try to stand out with 100 % professionalism and responsibility. Having a clear policy and a clear message will guarantee you a strong position on the market. Imagine being the trustworthy source conscious consumers are choosing. Becoming the trusted partner of your stakeholder brings more value than leaching of them. The time of synergy between companies and consumers has come.

 

DIDI

Pricing: Marketing rules you cannot ignore

 Pricing: The necessity of following basic market rules in order to be successful

 

Study Case

In the last few months a lot of consumers in Denmark experienced a shock when the market leader in milk products Arla increased the prices of fresh milk, both ecological and regular, by correspondingly 14 % and 25 %.

 

Otherwise no mystery there, prices do go up more or less on a regular basis. However, the reasoning behind the decision becomes quite unclear when one looks at market rapports quoted by the Danish press showing that demand is falling and the reason seems to be the high price of milk.

Even more mystically, the price of regular milk jumped with 25 % as reported and reached almost the price level for ecological milk. All this despite the fact that other producers still keep prices of regular milk on a price level 33 % lower than the Arla’s prices even after the recent increase of their own prices.

 

The net result for the company is yet to be measured, however the trend is for grocery chains to periodically put Arla milk on offer in an attempt to sell it or bail on it completely (observed at Kvickly, Rema 1000 and Netto, Denmark, September and October 2013). As for the consumers there is little doubt that they will choose the lowest price of the same product class and thus ditch the pricy Arla milk which does not offer anything beyond what other brands are able to provide on a much lower price (see an article on the topic, in Danish!).

 

Pricing

Pricing is usually decided on by conducting marketing research, evaluating demand, and benchmarking with competitors. A company could employ different pricing strategies depending on market position, brand value, product value, availability of alternative products, demand and supply. A market leader can often put pressure on the market by increasing its prices if there is an indication that either competitors will follow or consumers will stay loyal to the brand. The other way around, which also seems to be the case more commonly, the market leader can win the battle with competitors by lowering its prices to levels unreachable for smaller companies.

However, either move has its risks and limitations. While the risks seem to be easier to identify, the limitations are hidden within the corporate policy and corporate marketing strategy. Lowering or increasing prices is not always an option, as for example, a low cost brand cannot out of the blue come up with pricy products marketed as top quality. Similarly, an expensive brand can seriously damage its image by lowering inexplicably its prices only to win customers over.

This is the reason why low cost brands committed to changing business profile to quality need to go a long way. And this is the reason why many regular or expensive brands employ countless discount tricks in order to sell or to attract new customers.

The marketing policy aside, prices need to be compatible with business logic. Increase in prices should mean increase in quality, higher costs along the supply chain, new taxes, or market monopoly. Most importantly, that logic needs to be translated to consumers. They need to understand why they are supposed to buy your brand and pay more for it now than before.

If you skip that simple step you risk losing your otherwise loyal customers. An example can once again be the Danish dairy queen Arla. When they increased their prices in a country still in crisis and with price conscious consumers the result just a month later is almost constant discounts and special offers putting the milk price below the level from before the increase. Would Arla do that if they were not losing too many customers?

The problem with the increase was that it did not make any sense. No higher quality, yet much higher than the average price of competitors and just few Euro cent under the price of ecological milk which traditionally is sold on much higher prices. Why buy it?

To be successful you need to remember that no matter which pricing policy you choose, it is essential to communicate and explain your policy to consumers so that it does make sense to them. Another bonus of communicating openly with your customer stakeholder group is getting important and timely feedback on planned business moves and thus protecting your business and your image from damage.

In two words: to be successful you need to follow clear business polices, to avoid the thrill of a quick win and to establish open communication with your stakeholders.

DIDI

Social and fast - no other way to do business

Social Media Marketing and Trends

Doing some research on use of Social media as a communication tool I stumbled upon an article from 2008. The article was called Enhancing Promotional Strategies Within Social Marketing Programs: Use of Web 2.0 Social Media, written by Rosemary Thackeray, Brad L. Neiger, Carl L. Hanson and James F. McKenzie. I have to admit that I was more than surprised. At first I thought that the authors somehow had misused the term social media. Or misunderstood its uses and importance. Then I realized that the key to that mystery had all the time been right next to the title: year of publication 2008.

I was reading with amazement because I realized how much and how fast our world had changed. Back in 2008 only a small percentage of all internet users were users of some kind of social media, predominated by teenagers and young adults (up to 24 year olds). Today social media is not any more a media in the classic sense of the word. It is a part of our lives; it is a part of who we are and how we communicate.

After reading a lot of literature I still think that research is having troubles catching up with the social media reality. Because it has changed our world in a way so that everything happens ever faster and with ever more consumer involvement. And let’s face it – only the time needed to write and publish an article – around 2-3 years for academic articles - will be enough to make it obsolete.

Companies on the other hand cannot allow themselves the luxury of falling behind. That is why advice as  this the authors of the mentioned article give – be cautious and research the possibilities of incorporation of new media channels in the communication strategy – is not one to be followed. As Kotler points out in his Marketing bible, it is not any more a world where the strongest survives, it is a world where the fastest survives.

Following trends seems to be a relatively good strategy, however you position yourself willingly as number 2 or number 1000. Instead you need to create your communicative environment. It is already established that corporate communications, marketing and any business activity will be done in close cooperation with consumers – or the company will not exist for long. In practice this means that you need to stop following trends only because the others are doing it. Instead, focus on your consumers, on any other stakeholders you deem important. Research THEM, cooperate with them and facilitate communication channels approved by them. That will be your guarantee for success. On top of the fact that you will establish communication that is maximally beneficial for both sides, you will gain the appreciation of your stakeholders.

An example about why you do not need to worry about upcoming digital miracles or trends is a simple request as the one a Danish fitness chain received on their Facebook page – consumers were asking whether an iPhone app was being planned.

As long as you offer a good product and good service and you manage to engage your consumers they will always turn to you to solve whatever matter there is – from a communication issue to product specifications. Is it really necessary to explain why this is very important?

That is why you need to learn the rules of the game – be perceptive and reactive. Be proactive and helpful. Engage and be engaged. And maybe the most important of rules: whatever you do, do it fast. We are not any more living in times where waiting 4 to 6 weeks for TV shop delivery is OK, is the norm. Waiting is not acceptable. And here come tools as social media giving us the new timeframe for successful communication: now, that minute. Forgetting that risks us our costumers forgetting about us.

We don’t know what will come in the future. And that is okay. The future will most certainly not come without us. Keeping up with today’s pace is all we really can do. It is only a few who are brave enough to dare the future. Some succeed big, most fail. It is up to you which path you choose but being fast is still the rule.

 

DIDI

Stakeholder management: Relationship expiration date

Relationships and Stakeholders

 

As all things relationships also come with an expiration date. Even though it might not be a 3-day expiration date stamped on a package it does not mean that it will not come. Relationships are basically also just a product – a product of invested time and effort. And here comes the question – when do they expire?

Drama and tears might be reserved for personal relationships but the end of a business relationship should be just as dramatic. Business today is run through leaning on a vast number of relationships and cannot be run without them. We talk about our customers, our suppliers, our partners, our broader network, our governmental links, our international relations and so on. Every business has a number of critically important relationships and an enormous number of less important ones.

Those relationships are different from a management point of view and require different policies. However, what is common for them all is that they should be a primary concern of management as developing relationships is an investment in the future of the company. They are a time and resource craving process and that is another reason why relationships should be valued high – building new relationships – when possible – costs much more than maintaining established ones and sometimes costs the company’s position on the market.

So when do relationships expire?

Relationships – no matter whether it is a B2C or B2B – characterize with mutuality. That means that they have been established because both parts believe in the benefits from the relationship. They develop in time if the benefit lives up to expectations. And they cease to exist when such benefit lapses.

In practice this means that maintaining a relationship includes not only establishing it and working on the agreed terms but actively looking for development opportunities. If we look from a B2B point of view this translates as the need to be better than competitors, to offer more revenue, both in terms of cash and image enhancement. You are not unique as a company as there are hundreds of similar companies out there trying to do better than you. That is why what you should do when working on developing B2B relationships is to focus on answering the main questions: What are the benefits of this relationship? How can we make them more salient? Is there place for development? Is there something we could add? How can we gain more from the relationship? Are there companies who can offer something better than us? How important is this relationship for our business? Can we trust each other? What will keep us together? Can we work better together?

Those questions should be answered both by management and in cooperation with your partner. Business relationships are much like personal ones. They require discussion and agreement. The difference here is that even though some of them are driven almost completely on personal basis, they are still benefit-based. If you want your business to succeed you maintain only relationships that are beneficial to you. That is why focus on value creation is more than necessary.

If we take the B2C perspective, things are generally the same. However, it happens only rarely that a company has enough contact with its customers to be able to discuss mutual benefits. That is why maintaining the relationship with your consumers requires the employment of different tools. Some of those include market research, consumer research, bench marketing, and innovation. One should of course also consider market niche, positioning, and market segment. From a positioning point of view the product should deliver what it promises – quality, low prices, high prices and prestige, etc.

However, satisfying the expectations of your consumers is not enough. Once again you should make sure that your offer is better than the offer of competition. And there are many ways you could differentiate yourself. In the last decade or so though, a certain method has shown quite good results. You should listen to your customers, understand their concerns and help them solve their problems. That means you could support the local football team or buy medicines for the nearby hospital. Doing that will add value to your product and buying will not be a random choice but a meaningful decision.

A bit of a warning here though – such an involvement can bring you great benefits and image enhancement when being an honest act but it can also destroy you if dishonesty is found by your stakeholders.

Another tool you could use to maintain your consumer segment are the very popular discount or loyalty programs. Most of the time they have proved to be quite efficient. The only downside is that they will not ensure you loyal consumers in the long run.

That you could achieve by involving them. Be transparent. Be responsible. Give them a look inside. Give them the word and let them be part of the company’s policy. No one can tell you better what your consumers want then your consumers. Listen to them and empower them. This way they will stay with the company as they will be part of it.

It is true that it is not always such tactics could be used but the ones described here are only a small part of all possibilities. Different businesses and different countries present with different challenges and very specific solutions to very specific problems. When talking about relationships generalizing is almost impossible or at least incorrect as relationships are unique and defined by a long list of factors. They should be treated as unique. Time and resources should be invested into continuous research and relationship development programs. As relationships do expire. They expire in that moment when you think that there is nothing more that should be done.

Will it be worth it to realize it the moment after?

 

DIDI